English

KFGQPC HAFS

Mahmoud Khaleel Al-Husary

Ibn Kathir (Abridged)

Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran

Dr. Mustafa Khattab

The reference in this verse (see also [2:253](https://quran.com/2/253), [5:110](https://quran.com/5/110)) is to the Angel Gabriel, as becomes clear from (16:102)[https://quran.com/16/102], which affirms that this same Holy Spirit (*Ruh al-Qudus*) brings the revelation to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ (cf. 2:97, 26:192-195). Gabriel is also referred to as a ‘Spirit’ in other verses (e.g. 19:17, 26:193).

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The repeated use of this designation in verses speaking of Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him) is likely intended to correct misconceptions around this name and concept, as Jesus was indeed supported by the angelic spirit sent by the One God. The Quran invites people back to the purest conception of monotheism, and recognizing both the Angel and the Prophet as God’s honored servants.



Is the ‘Holy Spirit’ in this verse anything to do with belief in ‘Trinity’?

The Holy Spirit with which God supported Jesus was the Angel Gabriel.

Imām Ibn al-Jawzī (d. 597/1201) summarized the scholars' opinions in his book "Zād al-Masīr" as follows:

1. It refers to the angel Gabriel. The word "al-quds" means purity. [Ibn ʿAbbās, Qatādah, al-Ḍaḥḥāk, al-Suddī, and others] Al-Zajjāj offers three explanations as to what is meant by Jesus being supported by Gabriel: (i) In making his proof manifest and the matter of his religion. (ii) In protecting him from the Israelites when they wanted to kill him. (iii) In all his conditions.
2. It refers to the (Divine) Name by which he would bring the dead to life. [Al-Ḍaḥḥāk from Ibn ʿAbbās]
3. It refers to the Gospel (Injīl). [Ibn Zayd]

What is meant by "Holy Spirit" (*Rūḥ al-Qudus*) in this āyah?